How can Myanmar improve its energy policy?

Expanding renewable energy sources, particularly solar, wind, and hydropower, is crucial for reducing the nation’s dependency on gas and mitigating future power shortages. Moreover, Myanmar’s energy policy must be reformed to attract foreign investment and improve governance.

How has Myanmar's energy infrastructure changed over the years?

The country’s energy infrastructure expanded with foreign direct investment (FDI) support and progressive government policies like the Myanmar Sustainable Development Plan 2018-2030. The total installed power capacity grew from 5,125 MW to 6,830 MW, while power output increased from 15,965 GWh to 23,643 GWh annually.

Should Myanmar explore regional energy cooperation?

In the longer term, Myanmar should explore regional energy cooperation, particularly with neighboring countries like Laos and Thailand, to ease supply constraints and expand the grid. For instance, Laos and Myanmar are advancing a 2024 MOU on power cooperation to supply 300-400 MW via northern grids.

What challenges does Myanmar face in a power crisis?

In a crisis, Myanmar’s energy sector faces widespread disruptions affecting all primary power sources. As demand outpaces supply, the country’s energy infrastructure faces mounting challenges. Let’s take a closer look at the current state of power resources.

How has Myanmar's power industry changed over the past decade?

1. Background of Myanmar Power Industry Over the past decade, Myanmar’s power industry has experienced notable growth, followed by an abrupt decline following the 2021 military coup. Between 2015 and 2021, Myanmar saw significant strides in electricity generation and electrification.

How much power does Myanmar produce a day?

As of early 2025, Myanmar’s power generation has plunged to around 2,800 MW daily, meeting just 50-55% of demand. Peak output sometimes drops below 2,000 MW, causing severe blackouts—up to 20 hours daily in major cities like Yangon, Mandalay, and Naypyidaw. Rural and conflict-affected areas face near-constant outages.